[ antibacterial effects of 20 herbal plants on methicillin resistant and sensitive s.aureus in Golestan provience]

Staphylococcus aurues is on important cause of community and hospital- aquired infections. Caused by methicillin or oxacillin- resistant s.aureus [MRSA] are mainly nosocomial and are increasingly from many countries word wide. Many attempt have been made by the reasearchers to find new compounds as a subsitute for this antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of alcoholic extracts of 20 medical plants species of Golestan provience on clinical and standard strains of MRSA and MSSA and comprative and detect the best medical plant. In this study the compounds of the plant were extracted by percolation method and the effect of ethanolic extract of 20 Iranian medical plants against methicillin resistant and methicillin sensitve strains were assessed by disc diffusion method and each test were repeated 3 times and mean inhibition zone were recorded and then, the minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] of the extracts, that show good inhibition zone in disc diffusion method, was determined by the micro broth dilution method. The results of antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extracts of 20 plants revealed that, the ethamlic extracts of 8 plants have the best effect on strains and the maximum mean inhibition zone was 22.4 mm and the lowest MIC of plants was 0.01 mg/ml. The result of this study indicate that, ethanolic extract of Eucalyptus. Global, Peganum.hermla, Punica.granatum, Berberis.vulgaris, Ttamarixaphylla, Nnigella.sativa, Hypericum.perforatum AND, Artemisia. Herbaalba have the best antibacterial effect against MRSA andMSSA. The result obtained from these plants might be considered sufficent for further study

[Amplitude and facility of accommodation in myopic eyes after photorefractive keratectomy]

To determine the amplitude and facility of accommodation after photorefractive keratectomy [PRK] in myopic subjects. The study was performed on 160 eyes of 80 patients aged 19 to 72 years. Amplitude and facility of accommodation was evaluated before and 2 weeks and one and three months after PRK. Amplitude of accommodation was evaluated by "Minus Lens" method and facility of accommodation was determined using alternate plus and minus lens technique. Overall 67.5% of cases were female and mean age was 26.1 +/- 5.4 years. Mean amplitude of accommodation was 3.8 +/- 1.4 diopters [D] preoperatively which reached 4.5 +/- 1.6 D [P=0.02] two weeks and 4.9 +/- 1.4 D [P=0.03] one month postoperatively but remained stable up to three months. Mean binocular facility of accommodation was 5.8 +/- 3.4 cycles/minute [c/m] preoperatively which reached 7.4 +/- 3.6 c/m two weeks [P<0.001], 9.2 +/- 3.4 c/m [P<0.001] one month and 10.0 +/- 3.2 c/m [P<0.001] three months postoperatively. The amplitude and facility of accommodation in young myopic patients gradually increases after PRK. Near work and accommodative vision will improve over time